High carbon silicon, also known as silicon carbon alloy, is a novel alloy primarily utilized in the deoxidation process during converter smelting within the iron and steel industry. The primary constituents of high carbon silicon are silicon and carbon, typically with silicon content exceeding 55% and carbon content exceeding 15%. Additionally, it contains other elements such as silicon dioxide, phosphorus, and sulfur.
The production of high carbon silicon is a byproduct of metallic silicon manufacturing.
During the metallic silicon production process, raw materials are melted in an electric furnace. In some furnaces, due to uneven electrode distribution, raw materials may not heat uniformly. As a result, a portion of the silica at the furnace's bottom does not fully react with carbon and other raw materials. Over time, in the high-temperature environment, this accumulation leads to the formation of lumpy products at the furnace's base, which are referred to as high carbon silicon.
Benefits of High Carbon Silicon Material
As an innovative composite alloy deoxidizer, high carbon silicon offers a distinct cost advantage compared to other deoxidizing agents, making it a viable substitute for conventional options like ferrosilicon powder, calcium carbide, carbon powder, alloy powder, and more. This material boasts stable physical and chemical properties, delivering effective deoxidation in the converter steelmaking process. It rapidly reacts with oxygen in molten steel to generate steel slag, floating atop the molten steel, effectively achieving deoxidation. High carbon silicon also exhibits desulfurization and recarburization properties during deoxidation, allowing it to replace a portion of the recarburizer, significantly reducing steelmaking costs.
High carbon silicon offers several advantages when used for deoxidation in the smelting process of ordinary, alloy, and special steel:
- Replacement of Traditional Deoxidizers: In converter steelmaking, high carbon silicon can substitute ferrosilicon, silicon carbide, and recarburizers, leading to a reduction in the overall quantity of deoxidizers and ensuring the stability of chemical components.
- Improved Efficiency: Utilizing high carbon silicon as a deoxidizer in the steel smelting process can effectively reduce the reduction time, lower power consumption during production, and concurrently enhance steelmaking efficiency.
- Heat Generation for Enhanced Conditions: The decomposition and oxidation process of high carbon silicon in the converter generates a significant amount of heat. This elevated temperature and pressure within the furnace create the essential conditions for effective deoxidation and desulfurization.
High carbon silicon presents distinct benefits for foundries, especially in the context of cast iron production. Cast iron typically contains around 2-4% carbon and 1-3% silicon, and these carbon and silicon elements directly impact the cast iron's microstructure. High-carbon silicon primarily comprises carbon and silicon, making it an efficient choice for deoxidization, acting as a high-efficiency heating agent (Si&C: 6.58kcal/g, 1.24kcal/g), and serving as a recarburizer in iron casting processes. This allows for precise control over the introduction of other components, resulting in minimal impurities.
Market Outlook for High Carbon Silicon
Traditionally, the recovery rate of conventional alloys has been significantly influenced by converter operations. Variables such as steel output, temperature control, and slag content in steel production have caused substantial fluctuations in the alloy composition of the final product. These factors contribute to an unstable chemical composition in smelted steel and low pass rates for internal quality control indicators.
The steel industry is in dire need of an innovative alloy to address these inherent challenges, and high carbon silicon offers a solution. As the global economy recovers, the steel industry's production capacity continues to grow, driving an increasing demand for high carbon silicon in steel plants. Consequently, the market for high carbon silicon is steadily expanding.
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